horsefoot
马蹄样足
马蹄样足
Horse \
Horse \ (
h [^
o ]
rs ),
n . [
AS .
hors ;
akin to OS .
hros ,
D . &
OHG .
ros ,
G .
ross ,
Icel .
hross ;
and perh .
to L .
currere to run ,
E .
course ,
current Cf . {
Walrus }.]
1 . (
Zool .)
A hoofed quadruped of the genus {
Equus };
especially ,
the domestic horse ({
Equus caballus }),
which was domesticated in Egypt and Asia at a very early period .
It has six broad molars ,
on each side of each jaw ,
with six incisors ,
and two canine teeth ,
both above and below .
The mares usually have the canine teeth rudimentary or wanting .
The horse differs from the true asses ,
in having a long ,
flowing mane ,
and the tail bushy to the base .
Unlike the asses it has callosities ,
or chestnuts ,
on all its legs .
The horse excels in strength ,
speed ,
docility ,
courage ,
and nobleness of character ,
and is used for drawing ,
carrying ,
bearing a rider ,
and like purposes .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Many varieties ,
differing in form ,
size ,
color ,
gait ,
speed ,
etc .,
are known ,
but all are believed to have been derived from the same original species .
It is supposed to have been a native of the plains of Central Asia ,
but the wild species from which it was derived is not certainly known .
The feral horses of America are domestic horses that have run wild ;
and it is probably true that most of those of Asia have a similar origin .
Some of the true wild Asiatic horses do ,
however ,
approach the domestic horse in several characteristics .
Several species of fossil ({
Equus })
are known from the later Tertiary formations of Europe and America .
The fossil species of other genera of the family {
Equid [
ae ]}
are also often called horses ,
in general sense .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The male of the genus {
Equus },
in distinction from the female or male ;
usually ,
a castrated male .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Mounted soldiery ;
cavalry ; --
used without the plural termination ;
as ,
a regiment of horse ; --
distinguished from {
foot }.
[
1913 Webster ]
The armies were appointed ,
consisting of twenty -
five thousand horse and foot . --
Bacon .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
A frame with legs ,
used to support something ;
as ,
a clotheshorse ,
a sawhorse ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 .
A frame of timber ,
shaped like a horse ,
on which soldiers were made to ride for punishment .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 .
Anything ,
actual or figurative ,
on which one rides as on a horse ;
a hobby .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 . (
Mining )
A mass of earthy matter ,
or rock of the same character as the wall rock ,
occurring in the course of a vein ,
as of coal or ore ;
hence ,
to take horse --
said of a vein --
is to divide into branches for a distance .
[
1913 Webster ]
8 . (
Naut .)
(
a )
See {
Footrope },
a .
(
b )
A breastband for a leadsman .
(
c )
An iron bar for a sheet traveler to slide upon .
(
d )
A jackstay . --
W .
C .
Russell . --
Totten .
[
1913 Webster ]
9 . (
Student Slang )
(
a )
A translation or other illegitimate aid in study or examination ; --
called also {
trot }, {
pony }, {
Dobbin }.
(
b )
Horseplay ;
tomfoolery .
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .]
10 . {
heroin }. [
slang ]
[
PJC ]
11 . {
horsepower }. [
Colloq .
contraction ]
[
PJC ]
Note :
Horse is much used adjectively and in composition to signify of ,
or having to do with ,
a horse or horses ,
like a horse ,
etc .;
as ,
horse collar ,
horse dealer or horse ?
dealer ,
horsehoe ,
horse jockey ;
and hence ,
often in the sense of strong ,
loud ,
coarse ,
etc .;
as ,
horselaugh ,
horse nettle or horse -
nettle ,
horseplay ,
horse ant ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Black horse }, {
Blood horse },
etc .
See under {
Black },
etc .
{
Horse aloes },
caballine aloes .
{
Horse ant } (
Zool .),
a large ant ({
Formica rufa }); --
called also {
horse emmet }.
{
Horse artillery },
that portion of the artillery in which the cannoneers are mounted ,
and which usually serves with the cavalry ;
flying artillery .
{
Horse balm } (
Bot .),
a strong -
scented labiate plant ({
Collinsonia Canadensis }),
having large leaves and yellowish flowers .
{
Horse bean } (
Bot .),
a variety of the English or Windsor bean ({
Faba vulgaris }),
grown for feeding horses .
{
Horse boat },
a boat for conveying horses and cattle ,
or a boat propelled by horses .
{
Horse bot }. (
Zool .)
See {
Botfly },
and {
Bots }.
{
Horse box },
a railroad car for transporting valuable horses ,
as hunters . [
Eng .]
{
Horse breaker }
or {
Horse trainer },
one employed in subduing or training horses for use .
{
Horse car }.
(
a )
A railroad car drawn by horses .
See under {
Car }.
(
b )
A car fitted for transporting horses .
{
Horse cassia } (
Bot .),
a leguminous plant ({
Cassia Javanica }),
bearing long pods ,
which contain a black ,
catharic pulp ,
much used in the East Indies as a horse medicine .
{
Horse cloth },
a cloth to cover a horse .
{
Horse conch } (
Zool .),
a large ,
spiral ,
marine shell of the genus Triton .
See {
Triton }.
{
Horse courser }.
(
a )
One that runs horses ,
or keeps horses for racing .
--
Johnson .
(
b )
A dealer in horses . [
Obs .] --
Wiseman .
{
Horse crab } (
Zool .),
the Limulus ; --
called also {
horsefoot }, {
horsehoe crab },
and {
king crab }.
{
Horse crevall ['
e ]} (
Zool .),
the cavally .
{
Horse emmet } (
Zool .),
the horse ant .
{
Horse finch } (
Zool .),
the chaffinch . [
Prov .
Eng .]
{
Horse gentian } (
Bot .),
fever root .
{
Horse iron } (
Naut .),
a large calking iron .
{
Horse latitudes },
a space in the North Atlantic famous for calms and baffling winds ,
being between the westerly winds of higher latitudes and the trade winds . --
Ham .
Nav .
Encyc .
{
Horse mackrel }. (
Zool .)
(
a )
The common tunny ({
Orcynus thunnus }),
found on the Atlantic coast of Europe and America ,
and in the Mediterranean .
(
b )
The bluefish ({
Pomatomus saltatrix }).
(
c )
The scad .
(
d )
The name is locally applied to various other fishes ,
as the California hake ,
the black candlefish ,
the jurel ,
the bluefish ,
etc .
{
Horse marine } (
Naut .),
an awkward ,
lubbery person ;
one of a mythical body of marine cavalry . [
Slang ]
{
Horse mussel } (
Zool .),
a large ,
marine mussel ({
Modiola modiolus }),
found on the northern shores of Europe and America .
{
Horse nettle } (
Bot .),
a coarse ,
prickly ,
American herb ,
the {
Solanum Carolinense }.
{
Horse parsley }. (
Bot .)
See {
Alexanders }.
{
Horse purslain } (
Bot .),
a coarse fleshy weed of tropical America ({
Trianthema monogymnum }).
{
Horse race },
a race by horses ;
a match of horses in running or trotting .
{
Horse racing },
the practice of racing with horses .
{
Horse railroad },
a railroad on which the cars are drawn by horses ; --
in England ,
and sometimes in the United States ,
called a {
tramway }.
{
Horse run } (
Civil Engin .),
a device for drawing loaded wheelbarrows up an inclined plane by horse power .
{
Horse sense },
strong common sense . [
Colloq .
U .
S .]
{
Horse soldier },
a cavalryman .
{
Horse sponge } (
Zool .),
a large ,
coarse ,
commercial sponge ({
Spongia equina }).
{
Horse stinger } (
Zool .),
a large dragon fly . [
Prov .
Eng .]
{
Horse sugar } (
Bot .),
a shrub of the southern part of the United States ({
Symplocos tinctoria }),
whose leaves are sweet ,
and good for fodder .
{
Horse tick } (
Zool .),
a winged ,
dipterous insect ({
Hippobosca equina }),
which troubles horses by biting them ,
and sucking their blood ; --
called also {
horsefly }, {
horse louse },
and {
forest fly }.
{
Horse vetch } (
Bot .),
a plant of the genus {
Hippocrepis }
({
Hippocrepis comosa }),
cultivated for the beauty of its flowers ; --
called also {
horsehoe vetch },
from the peculiar shape of its pods .
{
Iron horse },
a locomotive . [
Colloq .]
{
Salt horse },
the sailor '
s name for salt beef .
{
To look a gift horse in the mouth },
to examine the mouth of a horse which has been received as a gift ,
in order to ascertain his age ; --
hence ,
to accept favors in a critical and thankless spirit . --
Lowell .
{
To take horse }.
(
a )
To set out on horseback . --
Macaulay .
(
b )
To be covered ,
as a mare .
(
c )
See definition 7 (
above ).
[
1913 Webster ]
Horsefoot \
Horse "
foot `\,
n .;
pl . {
Horsefeet }.
1 . (
Bot .)
The coltsfoot .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Zool .)
The Limulus or horseshoe crab .
[
1913 Webster ]
Limulus \
Lim "
u *
lus \ (
l [
i ^]
m "[-
u ]*
l [
u ^]
s ),
n .;
pl . {
Limuli }
(-
l [
imac ]). [
L .,
dim .
of limus sidelong ,
askance .] (
Zool .)
The only existing genus of Merostomata .
It includes only a few species from the East Indies ,
and one ({
Limulus polyphemus })
from the Atlantic coast of North America .
Called also {
Molucca crab }, {
king crab }, {
horseshoe crab },
and {
horsefoot }.
[
1913 Webster ]
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