troff
/T 'rof / or /trof / The grey eminence of {Unix }
text processing ; a formatting and phototypesetting program ,
written originally in {PDP -11 } {assembly code } and then in
barely -structured early {C } by the late Joseph Ossanna ,
modelled after the earlier {ROFF } which was in turn modelled
after {Multics }' {RUNOFF } by Jerome Saltzer (*that * name came
from the expression "to run off a copy "). A companion
program , {nroff }, formats output for terminals and line
printers .
In 1979 , Brian Kernighan modified troff so that it could drive
phototypesetters other than the Graphic Systems CAT . His
paper describing that work ("A Typesetter -independent troff ",
AT &T CSTR #97) explains troff's durability. After discussing
the program's "obvious deficiencies - a rebarbative input
syntax, mysterious and undocumented properties in some areas,
and a voracious appetite for computer resources" and noting
the ugliness and extreme hairiness of the code and internals,
Kernighan concludes:
None of these remarks should be taken as denigrating
Ossanna's accomplishment with TROFF. It has proven a
remarkably robust tool, taking unbelievable abuse from a
variety of preprocessors and being forced into uses that
were never conceived of in the original design, all with
considerable grace under fire.
The success of {TeX} and desktop publishing systems have
reduced troff's relative importance, but this tribute
perfectly captures the strengths that secured troff a place in
hacker folklore; indeed , it could be taken more generally as
an indication of those qualities of good programs that , in the
long run , hackers most admire .
{groff } is {GNU }'s implementation of {roff } in {C }.
[{Jargon File }]
(1995 -03 -21 )Typesetter New Run -
OFF (
Unix )
troff : /
T ´
rof /, /
trof /,
n . [
Unix ]
The gray eminence of Unix text processing ;
a formatting and phototypesetting program ,
written originally in PDP -
11 assembler and then in barely -
structured early C by the late Joseph Ossanna ,
modeled after the earlier ROFF which was in turn modeled after the Multics and CTSS program RUNOFF by Jerome Saltzer (
that name came from the expression “
to run off a copy ”).
A companion program ,
nroff ,
formats output for terminals and line printers .
In 1979 ,
Brian Kernighan modified troff so that it could drive phototypesetters other than the Graphic Systems CAT .
His paper describing that work (“
A Typesetter -
independent troff ,”
AT &
T CSTR #
97 )
explains troff '
s durability .
After discussing the program '
s “
obvious deficiencies —
a rebarbative input syntax ,
mysterious and undocumented properties in some areas ,
and a voracious appetite for computer resources ”
and noting the ugliness and extreme hairiness of the code and internals ,
Kernighan concludes :
The success of TeX and desktop publishing systems have reduced troff '
s relative importance ,
but this tribute perfectly captures the strengths that secured troff a place in hacker folklore ;
indeed ,
it could be taken more generally as an indication of those qualities of good programs that ,
in the long run ,
hackers most admire .
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