should 音标拼音: [ʃ'ʊd]
aux .
将;万一,竟然;应当,应该;就,该;可能,也许;竟会;应当,该
将;万一,竟然;应当,应该;就,该;可能,也许;竟会;应当,该
Shall \
Shall \,
v .
i . &
auxiliary . [
imp . {
Should }.] [
OE .
shal ,
schal ,
imp .
sholde ,
scholde ,
AS .
scal ,
sceal ,
I am obliged ,
imp .
scolde ,
sceolde ,
inf .
sculan ;
akin to OS .
skulan ,
pres .
skal ,
imp .
skolda ,
D .
zullen ,
pres .
zal ,
imp .
zoude ,
zou ,
OHG .
solan ,
scolan ,
pres .
scal ,
sol .
imp .
scolta ,
solta ,
G .
sollen ,
pres .
soll ,
imp .
sollte ,
Icel .
skulu ,
pres .
skal ,
imp .
skyldi ,
SW .
skola ,
pres .
skall ,
imp .
skulle ,
Dan .
skulle ,
pres .
skal ,
imp .
skulde ,
Goth .
skulan ,
pres .
skal ,
imp .
skulda ,
and to AS .
scyld guilt ,
G .
schuld guilt ,
fault ,
debt ,
and perhaps to L .
scelus crime .]
Note : [
Shall is defective ,
having no infinitive ,
imperative ,
or participle .]
1 .
To owe ;
to be under obligation for . [
Obs .] "
By the faith I shall to God " --
Court of Love .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To be obliged ;
must . [
Obs .] "
Me athinketh [
I am sorry ]
that I shall rehearse it her ." --
Chaucer .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
As an auxiliary ,
shall indicates a duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking ;
as ,
you shall go ;
he shall go ;
that is ,
I order or promise your going .
It thus ordinarily expresses ,
in the second and third persons ,
a command ,
a threat ,
or a promise .
If the auxillary be emphasized ,
the command is made more imperative ,
the promise or that more positive and sure .
It is also employed in the language of prophecy ;
as , "
the day shall come when . . ., "
since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance .
In shall with the first person ,
the necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the speaker ;
as ,
I shall suffer ;
we shall see ;
and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated by will . "
I shall go "
implies nearly a simple futurity ;
more exactly ,
a foretelling or an expectation of my going ,
in which ,
naturally enough ,
a certain degree of plan or intention may be included ;
emphasize the shall ,
and the event is described as certain to occur ,
and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "
I will go ."
In a question ,
the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed ;
as , "
Shall you go ?" (
answer , "
I shall go "); "
Shall he go ?"
i .
e ., "
Do you require or promise his going ?" (
answer , "
He shall go ".)
The same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such phrases as "
You say ,
or think ,
you shall go ;" "
He says ,
or thinks ,
he shall go ."
After a conditional conjunction (
as if ,
whether )
shall is used in all persons to express futurity simply ;
as ,
if I ,
you ,
or he shall say they are right .
Should is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall ,
as its imperfect .
It also expresses duty or moral obligation ;
as ,
he should do it whether he will or not .
In the early English ,
and hence in our English Bible ,
shall is the auxiliary mainly used ,
in all the persons ,
to express simple futurity . (
Cf .
{
Will },
v .
t .)
Shall may be used elliptically ;
thus ,
with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be omitted . "
He to England shall along with you ." --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Shall and will are often confounded by inaccurate speakers and writers .
Say :
I shall be glad to see you .
Shall I do this ?
Shall I help you ? (
not Will I do this ?)
See {
Will }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Should \
Should \ (
sh [
oo ^]
d ),
imp .
of {
Shall }. [
OE .
sholde ,
shulde ,
scholde ,
schulde ,
AS .
scolde ,
sceolde .
See {
Shall }.]
Used as an auxiliary verb ,
to express a conditional or contingent act or state ,
or as a supposition of an actual fact ;
also ,
to express moral obligation (
see {
Shall });
e .
g .:
they should have come last week ;
if I should go ;
I should think you could go . "
You have done that you should be sorry for ." --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
See {
Ought }.
[
1913 Webster ]
18 Moby Thesaurus words for "
should ":
be expedient ,
be forced ,
be in for ,
be necessary ,
be obliged ,
cannot do otherwise ,
cannot help but ,
had best ,
had better ,
have got to ,
have need to ,
have to ,
must ,
need ,
need to ,
needs must ,
ought ,
ought to
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