lunacy 音标拼音: [l'unəsi]
n . 精神失常,精神病,大痴
精神失常,精神病,大痴
lunacy n 1 :
obsolete terms for legal insanity [
synonym : {
lunacy },
{
madness }, {
insaneness }]
2 :
foolish or senseless behavior [
synonym : {
folly }, {
foolery },
{
tomfoolery }, {
craziness }, {
lunacy }, {
indulgence }]
Lunacy \
Lu "
na *
cy \,
n .;
pl . {
Lunacies }. [
See {
Lunatic }.]
1 .
Insanity or madness ;
properly ,
the kind of insanity which is broken by intervals of reason , --
formerly supposed to be influenced by the changes of the moon ;
any form of unsoundness of mind ,
except idiocy ;
mental derangement or alienation . --
Brande . --
Burrill .
[
1913 Webster ]
Your kindred shuns your house As beaten hence by your strange lunacy . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
A morbid suspension of good sense or judgment ,
as through fanaticism . --
Dr .
H .
More .
Syn :
Derangement ;
craziness ;
mania .
See {
Insanity }.
[
1913 Webster ]
97 Moby Thesaurus words for "
lunacy ":
aberration ,
abnormality ,
absurdity ,
alienation ,
asininity ,
battiness ,
brain damage ,
brainlessness ,
brainsickness ,
buffoonery ,
clouded mind ,
clownishness ,
crackpottedness ,
crankiness ,
craziness ,
daffiness ,
daftness ,
dementedness ,
dementia ,
derangement ,
desipience ,
disorientation ,
distraction ,
eccentricity ,
fatuity ,
fatuousness ,
folie ,
folly ,
foolery ,
foolhardiness ,
foolheadedness ,
foolishness ,
frivolity ,
frivolousness ,
furor ,
giddiness ,
goofiness ,
idiocy ,
illogic ,
illogicality ,
imbecility ,
inanity ,
ineptitude ,
insaneness ,
insanity ,
irrationality ,
loss of mind ,
loss of reason ,
madness ,
mania ,
mental deficiency ,
mental derangement ,
mental disease ,
mental disorder ,
mental disturbance ,
mental illness ,
mental instability ,
mental sickness ,
mind overthrown ,
mindlessness ,
mindsickness ,
niaiserie ,
nugacity ,
nuttiness ,
oddness ,
pixilation ,
possession ,
preposterousness ,
psychopathy ,
psychosis ,
queerness ,
rabidness ,
reasonlessness ,
ridiculousness ,
sappiness ,
screwiness ,
senselessness ,
shattered mind ,
sick mind ,
sickness ,
silliness ,
strangeness ,
stupidity ,
thoughtlessness ,
triflingness ,
triviality ,
unbalance ,
unbalanced mind ,
unsaneness ,
unsound mind ,
unsoundness ,
unsoundness of mind ,
wackiness ,
weirdness ,
witlessness ,
zaniness ,
zanyism LUNACY ,
med .
jur .
A disease of the mind ,
which is differently defined as it applies to a class of disorders ,
or only to one species of them .
As a general term it includes all the varieties of mental ,
disorders ,
not fatuous .
2 .
Lunacy is adopted as a general term ,
on account of its general use as such in various legislative acts and legal proceedings ,
as commissions of lunacy ,
and in this sense it seems to be synonymous with non compos mentis ,
or of unsound mind .
3 .
In a more restricted sense ,
lunacy is the state of one who has bad understanding ,
but by disease ,
grief ,
or other accident ,
has lost the use of reason .
1 Bl .
Com .
304 .
4 .
The following extract from a late work ,
Stock on the Law of Non Compotes Mentis ,
will show the difficulties of discovering what is and what is not lunacy . "
If it be difficult to find an appropriate definition or comprehensive name for the various species of lunacy ,"
says this author ,
page 9 , "
it is quite as difficult to find anything approximating to a positive evidence of its presence .
There are not in lunacy ,
as in fatuity ,
external signs not to be mistaken ,
neither is there that similarity of manner and conduct which enables any one ,
who has observed instances of idiocy or imbecility ,
to detect their presence in all subsequent cases ,
by the feebleness of perception and dullness of sensibility common to them all .
The varieties of lunacy are as numerous as the varieties of human nature ,
its excesses commensurate with the force of human passion ,
its phantasies coextensive with the range of human intellect .
It may exhibit every mood from the most serious to the most gay ,
and take every tone from the most sublime to the most ridiculous .
It may confine itself to any trifling feeling or opinion ,
or overcast the whole moral and mental conformation .
It may surround its victim with unreal persons and events ,
or merely cause him to regard real persons and events with an irrational favor or dislike ,
admiration or contempt .
It may find satisfaction in the most innocent folly ,
or draw delight from the most atrocious crime .
It may lurk so deeply as to elude the keenest search ,
or obtrude so openly as to attract the most careless notice .
It may be the fancy of an hour ,
or the distraction of a whole life .
Such being the fact ,
it is not surprising that many scientific and philosophical men have vainly exhausted their observation and ingenuity to find out some special quality ,
some peculiar mark or characteristic common to all cases of lunacy ,
which might serve at least as a guide in deciding on its absence or presence in individual instances .
Being hopeless of a definition ,
they would willingly have contented themselves with a test ,
but even this the obscurity and difficulty of the subject seem to forbid .
5 .
Lord Erskine ,
who ,
in his practice at the bar ,
had his attention drawn this way ,
from being engaged in some of the most remarkable trials of his time involving questions of lunacy ,
has given as his test , "
a delusive image ,
the inseparable companion of real insanity ," (
Ersk .
Misc .
Speeches )
and Dr .
Haslam ,
whose opportunities of observation have surpassed most other persons ,
has proposed nearly the same ,
by saying that "
false belief is the essence of insanity ." (
Haslam on Insanity .)
Sir John Nicholl ,
in his admirable judgment in the case of Dew v .
Clark ,
thus expresses himself : "
The true criterion is ,
where there is delusion of mind there is insanity ;
that is ,
when persons believe things to exist ,
which exist only ,
or at least ,
in that degree exist only in their own imagination ,
and of the non -
existence of which neither argument nor proof can convince them ;
they are of unsound mind ;
or as one of the counsel accurately expressed it ,
it is only the belief of facts ,
which no rational person could have believed ,
that is insane delusion ." (
Report by Haggard ,
p .
7 .)
Useful as these several remarks are ,
they are not absolutely true .
It is indeed beyond all question that the great majority of lunatics indulge in some "
delusive image ,"
entertain some "
false belief ."
They assume the existence of things or persons which do not exist ,
and so yield to a delusive image ,
or they come to wrong conclusions about persons and things which do exist ,
and so fall into a false belief .
But there is a class of cases where lunacy is the result of exclusive indulgence in particular trains of thought or feeling ,
where these tests are sometimes wholly wanting ,
and yet where the entire absorption of the faculties in one predominant idea ,
the devotion of all the bodily and mental powers to one useless or injurious purpose ,
prove that the mind has lost its equilibrium .
With some passions ,
indeed ,
such as self -
esteem and fear ,
what was at first an engrossing sentiment ,
will often go on to a positive delusion ;
the self -
adoring egotist grows to fancy himself a sovereign or a deity ;
the timid valetudinarian becomes the prey of imaginary diseases ,
the victim of unreal persecutions .
But with many other passions ,
such as desire ,
avarice or revenge ,
the neglect and forgetfulness of all things save one ,
the insensibility to all restraints of reason ,
morality ,
or prudence ,
often proceed to such an extent as to justify holding an individual as a lunatic ,
incapable of all self -
restraint ,
although ,
strictly speaking ,
not possessed by any delusive image or false belief .
Much less do these tests apply to many cases of irresistible propensity to acts wholly irrational ,
such as to murder or to steal without the smallest assignable motive ,
which ,
rare as they are ,
certainly occur from time to time ,
and cannot but be held as an example of at least partial and temporary lunacy .
It is to cases where no false belief or image can be detected ,
that the remark of Lord Erskine is more particularly applicable ; "
they frequently mock the wisdom of the wisest in judicial trials ," (
Ersk .
Misc .
Speeches ,)
and were not the paramount object of all legal punishment the benefit of the community ,
which makes it inexpedient to spare offenders against the law ,
if insanity be the ground of their defence ,
except upon the clearest proof ,
lest skillful dissemblers should thereby be led to hope for impunity ,
very subtle questions might no doubt be raised as to the degree of moral responsibility and mental sanity attaching to the perpetrators of many atrocious acts ,
seeing that they often commit them tinder temptations quite inadequate to allure men of common prudence ,
or under passions so violent as to suspend altogether the operations of reason or free will .
For as it is impossible to obtain an accurate definition of lunacy ,
so it is manifestly so ,
to draw the line correctly between it and its opposite rationality ,
or ,
to borrow the words of Chief Justice Hale , (
1 Hale '
s P .
C .
p .
30 ,) "
Doubtless most persons that are felons ,
of themselves and others ,
are under a degree of partial insanity when they commit those offences .
It is very difficult to define the indivisible line that divides perfect and partial ,
insanity ;
but it must rest on circumstances duly to be weighed and considered both by the judge and jury ,
lest on one side there be a kind of inhumanity towards the defects of human nature ,
or on the other side too great an indulgence given to great crimes ."
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