draff
n . 残滓,糟粕,废物
残滓,糟粕,废物
Grain \
Grain \ (
gr [=
a ]
n ),
n . [
F .
grain ,
L .
granum ,
grain ,
seed ,
small kernel ,
small particle .
See {
Corn },
and cf . {
Garner },
n ., {
Garnet }, {
Gram }
the chick -
pea , {
Granule }, {
Kernel .}]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
A single small hard seed ;
a kernel ,
especially of those plants ,
like wheat ,
whose seeds are used for food .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The fruit of certain grasses which furnish the chief food of man ,
as corn ,
wheat ,
rye ,
oats ,
etc .,
or the plants themselves ; --
used collectively .
[
1913 Webster ]
Storehouses crammed with grain . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Any small ,
hard particle ,
as of sand ,
sugar ,
salt ,
etc .;
hence ,
any minute portion or particle ;
as ,
a grain of gunpowder ,
of pollen ,
of starch ,
of sense ,
of wit ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
I . . .
with a grain of manhood well resolved .
--
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
The unit of the English system of weights ; --
so called because considered equal to the average of grains taken from the middle of the ears of wheat .
7 ,
000 grains constitute the pound avoirdupois ,
and 5 ,
760 grains the pound troy .
A grain is equal to .
0648 gram .
See {
Gram .}
[
1913 Webster ]
5 .
A reddish dye made from the coccus insect ,
or kermes ;
hence ,
a red color of any tint or hue ,
as crimson ,
scarlet ,
etc .;
sometimes used by the poets as equivalent to {
Tyrian purple }.
[
1913 Webster ]
All in a robe of darkest grain . --
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
Doing as the dyers do ,
who ,
having first dipped their silks in colors of less value ,
then give '
them the last tincture of crimson in grain . --
Quoted by Coleridge ,
preface to Aids to Reflection .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 .
The composite particles of any substance ;
that arrangement of the particles of any body which determines its comparative roughness or hardness ;
texture ;
as ,
marble ,
sugar ,
sandstone ,
etc .,
of fine grain .
[
1913 Webster ]
Hard box ,
and linden of a softer grain . --
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 .
The direction ,
arrangement ,
or appearance of the fibers in wood ,
or of the strata in stone ,
slate ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
Knots ,
by the conflux of meeting sap ,
Infect the sound pine and divert his grain Tortive and errant from his course of growth .
--
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
8 .
The fiber which forms the substance of wood or of any fibrous material .
[
1913 Webster ]
9 .
The hair side of a piece of leather ,
or the marking on that side . --
Knight .
[
1913 Webster ]
10 .
pl .
The remains of grain ,
etc .,
after brewing or distillation ;
hence ,
any residuum .
Also called {
draff }.
[
1913 Webster ]
11 . (
Bot .)
A rounded prominence on the back of a sepal ,
as in the common dock .
See {
Grained },
a .,
4 .
[
1913 Webster ]
12 .
Temper ;
natural disposition ;
inclination . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
Brothers . . .
not united in grain . --
Hayward .
[
1913 Webster ]
13 .
A sort of spice ,
the grain of paradise . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
He cheweth grain and licorice ,
To smellen sweet . --
Chaucer .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Against the grain },
against or across the direction of the fibers ;
hence ,
against one '
s wishes or tastes ;
unwillingly ;
unpleasantly ;
reluctantly ;
with difficulty .
--
Swift . --
Saintsbury .
{
A grain of allowance },
a slight indulgence or latitude a small allowance .
{
Grain binder },
an attachment to a harvester for binding the grain into sheaves .
{
Grain colors },
dyes made from the coccus or kermes insect .
{
Grain leather }.
(
a )
Dressed horse hides .
(
b )
Goat ,
seal ,
and other skins blacked on the grain side for women '
s shoes ,
etc .
{
Grain moth } (
Zool .),
one of several small moths ,
of the family {
Tineid [
ae ]} (
as {
Tinea granella }
and {
Butalis cerealella }),
whose larv [
ae ]
devour grain in storehouses .
{
Grain side } (
Leather ),
the side of a skin or hide from which the hair has been removed ; --
opposed to {
flesh side .}
{
Grains of paradise },
the seeds of a species of amomum .
{
grain tin },
crystalline tin ore metallic tin smelted with charcoal .
{
Grain weevil } (
Zool .),
a small red weevil ({
Sitophilus granarius }),
which destroys stored wheat and other grain ,
by eating out the interior .
{
Grain worm } (
Zool .),
the larva of the grain moth .
See {
grain moth },
above .
{
In grain },
of a fast color ;
deeply seated ;
fixed ;
innate ;
genuine . "
Anguish in grain ." --
Herbert .
{
To dye in grain },
to dye of a fast color by means of the coccus or kermes grain [
see {
Grain },
n .,
5 ];
hence ,
to dye firmly ;
also ,
to dye in the wool ,
or in the raw material .
See under {
Dye .}
[
1913 Webster ]
The red roses flush up in her cheeks . . .
Likce crimson dyed in grain . --
Spenser .
{
To go against the grain of } (
a person ),
to be repugnant to ;
to vex ,
irritate ,
mortify ,
or trouble .
[
1913 Webster ]
Draff \
Draff \,
n . [
Cf .
D .
draf the sediment of ale ,
Icel .
draf draff ,
husks .
Cf .
1st {
Drab }.]
Refuse ;
lees ;
dregs ;
the wash given to swine or cows ;
hogwash ;
waste matter .
[
1913 Webster ]
Prodigals lately come from swine keeping ,
from eating draff and husks . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
The draff and offal of a bygone age . --
Buckle .
[
1913 Webster ]
Mere chaff and draff ,
much better burnt . --
Tennyson .
[
1913 Webster ]
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