Elijah 音标拼音: [ɛl'ɑɪdʒə] [il'ɑɪdʒə]
n . 以利亚
以利亚
Elijah n 1 :
a Hebrew prophet in the Old Testament who opposed the worship of idols ;
he was persecuted for rebuking Ahab and Jezebel (
king and queen of Israel );
he was taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire (
circa 9th century BC )
Elijah whose God is Jehovah . (
1 .) "
The Tishbite ,"
the "
Elias "
of the New Testament ,
is suddenly introduced to our notice in 1 Kings 17 :
1 as delivering a message from the Lord to Ahab .
There is mention made of a town called Thisbe ,
south of Kadesh ,
but it is impossible to say whether this was the place referred to in the name given to the prophet .
Having delivered his message to Ahab ,
he retired at the command of God to a hiding -
place by the brook Cherith ,
beyond Jordan ,
where he was fed by ravens .
When the brook dried up God sent him to the widow of Zarephath ,
a city of Zidon ,
from whose scanty store he was supported for the space of two years .
During this period the widow '
s son died ,
and was restored to life by Elijah (
1 Kings 17 :
2 -
24 ).
During all these two years a famine prevailed in the land .
At the close of this period of retirement and of preparation for his work (
comp .
Gal .
1 :
17 ,
18 )
Elijah met Obadiah ,
one of Ahab '
s officers ,
whom he had sent out to seek for pasturage for the cattle ,
and bade him go and tell his master that Elijah was there .
The king came and met Elijah ,
and reproached him as the troubler of Israel .
It was then proposed that sacrifices should be publicly offered ,
for the purpose of determining whether Baal or Jehovah were the true God .
This was done on Carmel ,
with the result that the people fell on their faces ,
crying , "
The Lord ,
he is the God ."
Thus was accomplished the great work of Elijah '
s ministry .
The prophets of Baal were then put to death by the order of Elijah .
Not one of them escaped .
Then immediately followed rain ,
according to the word of Elijah ,
and in answer to his prayer (
James 5 :
18 ).
Jezebel ,
enraged at the fate that had befallen her priests of Baal ,
threatened to put Elijah to death (
1 Kings 19 :
1 -
13 ).
He therefore fled in alarm to Beersheba ,
and thence went alone a day '
s journey into the wilderness ,
and sat down in despondency under a juniper tree .
As he slept an angel touched him ,
and said unto him , "
Arise and eat ;
because the journey is too great for thee ."
He arose and found a cake and a cruse of water .
Having partaken of the provision thus miraculously supplied ,
he went forward on his solitary way for forty days and forty nights to Horeb ,
the mount of God ,
where he took up his abode in a cave .
Here the Lord appeared unto him and said , "
What dost thou here ,
Elijah ?"
In answer to his despondent words God manifests to him his glory ,
and then directs him to return to Damascus and anoint Hazael king over Syria ,
and Jehu king over Israel ,
and Elisha to be prophet in his room (
1 Kings 19 :
13 -
21 ;
comp .
2 Kings 8 :
7 -
15 ;
9 :
1 -
10 ).
Some six years after this he warned Ahab and Jezebel of the violent deaths they would die (
1 Kings 21 :
19 -
24 ;
22 :
38 ).
He also ,
four years afterwards ,
warned Ahaziah (
q .
v .),
who had succeeded his father Ahab ,
of his approaching death (
2 Kings 1 :
1 -
16 ). (
See {
NABOTH }.)
During these intervals he probably withdrew to some quiet retirement ,
no one knew where .
His interview with Ahaziah '
s messengers on the way to Ekron ,
and the account of the destruction of his captains with their fifties ,
suggest the idea that he may have been in retirement at this time on Mount Carmel .
The time now drew near when he was to be taken up into heaven (
2 Kings 2 :
1 -
12 ).
He had a presentiment of what was awaiting him .
He went down to Gilgal ,
where was a school of the prophets ,
and where his successor Elisha ,
whom he had anointed some years before ,
resided .
Elisha was solemnized by the thought of his master '
s leaving him ,
and refused to be parted from him . "
They two went on ,"
and came to Bethel and Jericho ,
and crossed the Jordan ,
the waters of which were "
divided hither and thither "
when smitten with Elijah '
s mantle .
Arrived at the borders of Gilead ,
which Elijah had left many years before ,
it "
came to pass as they still went on and talked "
they were suddenly separated by a chariot and horses of fire ;
and "
Elijah went up by a whirlwind into heaven , "
Elisha receiving his mantle ,
which fell from him as he ascended .
No one of the old prophets is so frequently referred to in the New Testament .
The priests and Levites said to the Baptist (
John 1 :
25 ), "
Why baptizest thou ,
if thou be not that Christ ,
nor Elias ?"
Paul (
Rom .
11 :
2 )
refers to an incident in his history to illustrate his argument that God had not cast away his people .
James (
5 :
17 )
finds in him an illustration of the power of prayer . (
See also Luke 4 :
25 ;
9 :
54 .)
He was a type of John the Baptist in the sternness and power of his reproofs (
Luke 9 :
8 ).
He was the Elijah that "
must first come " (
Matt .
11 :
11 ,
14 ),
the forerunner of our Lord announced by Malachi .
Even outwardly the Baptist corresponded so closely to the earlier prophet that he might be styled a second Elijah .
In him we see "
the same connection with a wild and wilderness country ;
the same long retirement in the desert ;
the same sudden ,
startling entrance on his work (
1 Kings 17 :
1 ;
Luke 3 :
2 );
even the same dress ,
a hairy garment ,
and a leathern girdle about the loins (
2 Kings 1 :
8 ;
Matt .
3 :
4 )."
How deep the impression was which Elijah made "
on the mind of the nation may be judged from the fixed belief ,
which rested on the words of Malachi (
4 :
5 ,
6 ),
which many centuries after prevailed that he would again appear for the relief and restoration of the country .
Each remarkable person as he arrives on the scene ,
be his habits and characteristics what they may ,
the stern John equally with his gentle Successor ,
is proclaimed to be Elijah (
Matt .
11 :
13 ,
14 ;
16 :
14 ;
17 :
10 ;
Mark 9 :
11 ;
15 :
35 ;
Luke 9 :
7 ,
8 ;
John 1 :
21 ).
His appearance in glory on the mount of transfiguration does not seem to have startled the disciples .
They were '
sore afraid ,'
but not apparently surprised ."
(
2 .)
The Elijah spoken of in 2 Chr .
21 :
12 -
15 is by some supposed to be a different person from the foregoing .
He lived in the time of Jehoram ,
to whom he sent a letter of warning (
comp .
1 Chr .
28 :
19 ;
Jer .
36 ),
and acted as a prophet in Judah ;
while the Tishbite was a prophet of the northern kingdom .
But there does not seem any necessity for concluding that the writer of this letter was some other Elijah than the Tishbite .
It may be supposed either that Elijah anticipated the character of Jehoram ,
and so wrote the warning message ,
which was preserved in the schools of the prophets till Jehoram ascended the throne after the Tishbite '
s translation ,
or that the translation did not actually take place till after the accession of Jehoram to the throne (
2 Chr .
21 :
12 ;
2 Kings 8 :
16 ).
The events of 2 Kings 2 may not be recorded in chronological order ,
and thus there may be room for the opinion that Elijah was still alive in the beginning of Jehoram '
s reign .
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