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alcohol    音标拼音: ['ælkəh,ɑl]
n. U乙醇,酒精

U乙醇,酒精

alcohol
n 1: a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent;
"alcohol (or drink) ruined him" [synonym: {alcohol}, {alcoholic
drink}, {alcoholic beverage}, {intoxicant}, {inebriant}]
2: any of a series of volatile hydroxyl compounds that are made
from hydrocarbons by distillation

Alcohol \Al"co*hol\ ([a^]l"k[-o]*h[o^]l), n. [Cf. F. alcool,
formerly written alcohol, Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony,
galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. Ar. al-kohl a powder of
antimony or galena, to paint the eyebrows with. The name was
afterwards applied, on account of the fineness of this
powder, to highly rectified spirits, a signification unknown
in Arabia. The Sp. word has both meanings. Cf. {Alquifou}.]
1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]

2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation.
[Obs.] --Boyle.
[1913 Webster]

3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit
(called also {ethyl alcohol} or {ethanol}, {CH3.CH2.OH});
the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or
distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it
in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple
distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions
of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous
fermentation.

Note: [The ferementation is usually carried out by addition
of brewer's yeast, {Saccharomyces cerevisiae} to an
aqueous solution containing carbohydrates.]
[1913 Webster PJC]

Note: As used in the U. S. "Pharmacop[oe]ia," alcohol
contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9
per cent of water; and diluted alcohol (proof spirit)
contains 45.5 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and
54.5 per cent of water.
[1913 Webster]

4. (Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic
alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are
hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical
ethyl forms common or {ethyl alcohol} ({C2H5.OH}); methyl
forms {methyl alcohol} ({CH3.OH}) or {wood alcohol}; amyl
forms {amyl alcohol} ({C5H11.OH}) or {fusel oil}, etc.
[1913 Webster]


ethanol \eth"an*ol\ ([e^]th"[a^]n*[add]l), n. (Chem.)
The organic compound {C2H5.OH}, the common {alcohol} which is
the intoxicating agent in beer, wine, and other fermented and
distilled liquors; called also {ethyl alcohol}. It is used
pure or denatured as a solvent or in medicines and colognes
and cleaning solutions, or mixed in gasoline as a fuel for
automobiles, and as a rocket fuel (as in the V-2 rocket).

Syn: ethyl alcohol, fermentation alcohol, grain alcohol.
[WordNet 1.5]

287 Moby Thesaurus words for "alcohol":
Amytal, Amytal pill, Argyrol, Chile saltpeter, Demerol, Dial,
Dolophine, H, John Barleycorn, Luminal, Luminal pill, M,
Mercurochrome, Merthiolate, Mickey Finn, Nembutal, Nembutal pill,
Salol, Seconal, Seconal pill, Sulfonal, Trional, Tuinal,
Tuinal pill, absolute alcohol, acetate, acetone,
alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink, aldehyde, amine, ammonia,
amobarbital sodium, amyl alcohol, analgesic, anhydride, anodyne,
antifreeze, aqua regia, aqua vitae, ardent spirits, arsenate,
arsenite, barb, barbital, barbiturate, barbiturate pill,
barbituric acid, basic anhydride, belladonna, benzine, benzoate,
beverage, bicarbonate, bicarbonate of soda, bichloride of mercury,
bisulfate, black stuff, blue, blue angel, blue devil, blue heaven,
blue velvet, booze, borate, borax, boric acid, brew, briquette,
bromide, burnable, butane, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide,
calmative, calomel, camphor, carbide, carbohydrate, carbolic acid,
carbon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon tet,
carbon tetrachloride, carbonate, charcoal, chloral hydrate,
chloramine, chlorate, chlorite, chloroform, chromate, citrate,
coal, codeine, codeine cough syrup, coke, combustible, copperas,
cresol, cyanide, dehydrated alcohol, depressant, depressor,
dichromate, dioxide, disulfide, dolly, dope, downer, drink, ester,
ethane, ethanol, ether, ethyl, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol,
fireball, firewater, firing, flammable, flammable material,
fluoride, formaldehyde, fuel, fuel additive, fuel dope, fulminate,
gas, gas carbon, gasoline, gentian violet, goofball, gramicidin,
grog, halide, halogen, hard liquor, hard stuff, heptane, heroin,
hexachloraphene, hexane, hooch, hop, horse, hydrate, hydride,
hydrocarbon, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxide, hyoscyamine, hypnotic,
hypochlorite, inebriant, inflammable, inflammable material,
intoxicant, intoxicating liquor, iodide, iodine, isooctane,
isopropyl alcohol, jet fuel, juice, junk, kerosene, ketone,
knockout drops, lactate, laudanum, liquor, little brown jug, lotus,
meperidine, methadone, methane, methanol, methyl, methyl alcohol,
monoxide, moonshine, morphia, morphine, narcotic, natural gas,
niter, nitrate, nitride, nitrite, octane, oil, opiate, opium,
oxalate, oxide, pacifier, pain killer, paraffin, paraldehyde,
paregoric, peat, pen yan, pentane, pentobarbital, permanganate,
peroxide, petrochemical, phenobarbital, phenobarbital sodium,
phenol, phenyl salicylate, phosphate, phosphide, potable, potash,
potassium nitrate, potation, propane, propellant, punch bowl,
purple heart, quietener, rainbow, red, reserpine, resorcinol,
rocket fuel, rum, sal ammoniac, salt, saltpeter, sauce, scag,
schnapps, scopolamine, secobarbital sodium, sedative, shit,
silicate, silver vitellin, sleep-inducer, sleeper,
sleeping draught, sleeping pill, smack, social lubricant,
sodium bicarbonate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride,
sodium hypochlorite, sodium thiopental, somnifacient, soother,
soothing syrup, soporific, spirits, strong drink, strong waters,
sulfate, sulfide, sulfite, tar, tartrate, thalidomide,
the Demon Rum, the bottle, the cup, the flowing bowl,
the luscious liquor, the ruddy cup, thimerosal, thymol,
tincture of iodine, tipple, toxicant, tranquilizer, turf,
turpentine, turps, water, water of life, white stuff, yellow,
yellow jacket

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  • Alcohol (drug) - Wikipedia
    Ethanol is also known chemically as alcohol, ethyl alcohol, or drinking alcohol It is a simple alcohol with a molecular formula of C 2 H 6 O and a molecular weight of 46 0684 g mol
  • Alcohol Use and Your Health | Alcohol Use | CDC
    Excessive alcohol use can have immediate and long-term effects Excessive drinking includes binge drinking, heavy drinking, and any drinking during pregnancy or by people younger than 21 Drinking less is better for your health than drinking more You can lower your health risks by drinking less or choosing not to drink
  • Alcohols Effects on the Body - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and . . .
    Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication pathways and can affect the way the brain looks and works These disruptions can change mood and behavior and make it harder to think clearly and move with coordination Drinking alcohol can also increase the risk of stroke
  • Alcohol - World Health Organization (WHO)
    Alcohol and alcoholic beverages contain ethanol, which is a psychoactive and toxic substance with dependence-producing properties Alcohol has been widely used in many cultures for centuries, but it is associated with significant health risks and harms
  • US has new alcohol guidelines: How much is healthy to drink?
    The new nutrition guidance notably removes the previous recommendation to limit alcohol consumption to 1 drink or fewer daily for women and 2 drinks or fewer per men
  • Alcohol | Definition, Structure, Classification, Commercial Uses . . .
    An alcohol is an organic compound with one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group Alcohols may be considered as organic derivatives of water, in which a hydrogen atom has been replaced by an alkyl group Examples include ethanol, methanol, and isopropyl alcohol
  • What Does Alcohol Do to Your Body? - Cleveland Clinic Health Essentials
    The effects of alcohol can be seen throughout your body, even for moderate drinkers Alcohol affects your liver, metabolism, brain and more
  • Alcohol and your health: Risks, benefits, and controversies
    For millions of people, alcohol is a regular part of their lives But there are many downsides to drinking - some familiar, others less well appreciated And concerns about the risks of even moderate drinking are on the rise
  • Alcohol (Ethanol) Effects, Hazards Warnings - Drugs. com
    Excessive use of alcohol can lead to alcoholism, or alcohol dependence There are four cardinal symptoms in alcoholism: craving, loss of control, physical dependence, and tolerance
  • Latest Alcohol Policy News Health Guidelines | American Medical . . .
    Alcohol use — and misuse — is common in society and can carry health risks Alcohol misuse can range from binge drinking and risky drinking to the actual disorder of alcoholism, all of which can potentially lead to health consequences For example, alcohol use is the fourth leading preventable cause of death in the U S Because of that, physicians play a key role in educating patients





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